For assignment on 3rd
semester.
Direct
Quotation (Citation) and Paraphrasing
1.
One Work by One Author
a.
Direct Quotation (Citation)
“A text can be defined
as an actual use of language as distinct from a sentence which is an abstract
unit of linguistic analysis” (Widdownson, 2007, p.4).
b.
Paraphrasing
According to Widdownson
(2007), a text is an actual use of language that include a sentence which is an
abstract unit of linguistic analysis (p. 4).
2.
One Work By Multiple Author
a.
Direct Quotation (Citation)
Ø Two Writers
“For the writer,
childhood reality was an illusion. His sense seemed sharper and everything
around him seemed bigger when he was little. In comparison, adult life is
disappointing, and the only time he can see it through a child’s eyes again is
when he is on stage making people laugh” (Greenall and Pye, 1991, p.20).
Ø More Than Two Writers
“Sales promotion is
activity intended to boost sales, such as price promotions, loyality incentives”
(White et al, 2008, p.103).
b.
Paraphrasing
Ø Two Writers
According to Greenall
and Pye (1991), the childhood reality was an illusion. Everything around him
seemed bigger and happy when he was little. The other way, adult life is
disappointing, and the only time he can see it through a child’s eyes again is
when he is on stage making people laugh.
Ø More Than Two Writers
According to White et
al (2008), sales promotion is someone that have activity to boost sales
product, such as promotions and loyality incentives.
3.
Group As Author
a.
Direct Quotation (Citation)
“Good learners make
their own opportunities and find strategies for getting practice in using the
language inside and outside the classroom” (Teachers of English to Speakers of
Other Language [TESOL] 2001, p. 31).
b.
Paraphrasing
(Teachers of English to
Speakers of Other Language [TESOL] 2001, p. 31) if we are good learners, we’ll
make our opportunities and find strategies for getting practice in using the
language inside and outside the classroom.
4.
Authors With The Same Surname
a.
Direct Quotation (Citation)
M. Anderson and
Anderson (1997), “The narrative text type tells a story. Its purpose is to
present a view of the world that entertain or inform the reader or listener. It
is related to the recount text type”.
b.
Paraphrasing
According to M.
Anderson and Anderson, narrative is a type of text that tells a story. Its
purpose to present a view of the world that entertain and inform the reader or
listener. Its related a recount text.
5.
Secondary Sources
a.
Direct Quotation (Citation)
“There are, it seems to
me, important differences between languages in the way which discourse topic is
identified in a text and in the way in which discourse topic is developed in
terms of exemplication, definition, and so on” (Kaplan as cited by Swales, 1990).
b.
Paraphrasing
According to Kaplan
1990, the important differences between languages in the way in which discourse
topic is identified in a text and in the way in which discourse topic is
developed in terms of examplication, definition and so on.
Citation
Classical Works